Journal of Crop Breeding

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Lotfi K, Oraei M, Hazrati S, Faramarzi A, Ajali J. (2021). Investigation of Morphophysiological Diversity of Different Populations of Stachys Lavandulifolia Based on Multivariate Statistical Methods. J Crop Breed. 13(39), 195-207. doi:10.52547/jcb.13.39.195
URL: http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1259-en.html

Stachys lavandulifolia is one of the medicinal plants that is widely distributed in Iran and has many medicinal properties. Few studies have been conducted to study the diversity between different populations of mountain tea. For this purpose, a study was conducted on 26 populations of Stachys lavandulifolia in the region of northwestern of five provinces (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and Hamedan) based on a completely randomized design with three replications in 2019. The results of analysis of variance showed that the differences between different populations based on plant height, fresh and dry weight of the plant, length and diameter of flowers and fresh weight of flowers were significant at the level of one percent. The highest fresh weight of flowers was observed in P3 population at 1.32 g. In contrast, the lowest fresh weight of flowers belonged to P1 population (0.32 g). Based on the results of analysis of variance, it was observed that flower dry weight, leaf length and width and number of leaves at the level of one percent and fresh and dry weight of leaf at the level of five percent were significant. The results of mean comparison showed that the highest and lowest rates of flower dry weight were related to P3 and P1 populations of 0.64 and 0.13 g, respectively. The dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis showed that 26 populations of Stachys lavandulifolia were divided into five separate groups. The comparison of the mean between the groups obtained from cluster analysis showed that the highest amount of fresh flower weight belonged to the third group at 0.96 g. The results of principal component analysis showed that four components had an eigenvalue higher than one and in total accounted for 84.29% of the total variance. Principal Component analysis the morphological traits in most cases confirmed the results of cluster analysis. In the first component, plant height, fresh and dry weight of the plant, fresh and dry weight of flowers, leaf width, number of leaves and fresh and dry weight of leaves, and the second component related to flower length, third component, number of leaves and fourth component, diameter of flowers had the highest factor loadin.. Based on the results of correlation analysis, it was observed that there was a positive and significant correlation between leaf dry weight with plant dry weight (0.49), flower dry weight (0.47), leaf length (0.51) and leaf fresh weight (0.65). In general, the results showed that there is a very high diversity between populations and this diversity can be due to habitat conditions or genetics of the populations.