Volume 15, Issue 46 (7-2023)
J Crop Breed 2023, 15(46): 50-61 |
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Ghassemzadeh M, Pourmohammad A, Aliloo A, Shahbazi K. (2023). Evaluation of Some Durum Wheat Genotypes Using Phenomorphological and Agronomic Traits. J Crop Breed. 15(46), 50-61. doi:10.61186/jcb.15.46.50
URL: http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1332-en.html
URL: http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1332-en.html
1- MSc Student of Plant Breeding, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
2- Assistantof Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
3- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
4- Instructor, Field and Horticultural Crops Sciences Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Moghan, Iran
2- Assistantof Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
3- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
4- Instructor, Field and Horticultural Crops Sciences Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Moghan, Iran
Abstract: (1614 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The main usage of durum wheat is the production of semolina (pasta flour) for pasta products due to its high protein and strong glutamine. The development of the pasta industry, along with the increase in its demand and the favorable weather conditions in many parts of Iran, requires more research, especially in the field of durum wheat breeding with knowledge of the genetic diversity of the studied genotypes.
Material and methods:The plant material used in this experiment included 18 winter durum wheat genotypes that were evaluated in dryland conditions in a randomized complete block design with four replications at Moghan Dryland Agricultural Research Station located in Pars-Abad of Ardabil province. The 32 phenomorphological and agronomic traits were measured in laboratory and field.
Results: The difference between the studied genotypes was significant for most of the traits. Mean comparison of traits for durum wheat genotypes in important traits such as total grain yield, total biomass, yield of fertile tillers, weight of main spike, number of leaves, length of spike and length of peduncle, introduced two genotypes as prior genotypes. Total grain yield had a significant positive correlation with some traits such as main spike weight, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike, number of grains in fertile tillers, yield of fertile tillers and awn weight. Cluster analysis classified 18 durum wheat genotypes to three groups. The first cluster included seven genotypes, the second cluster contained three genotypes, and finally the third cluster included eight genotypes. The third cluster in terms of plant height, spike length, peduncle length, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of fertile tillers, weight of single plant, weight of main spike, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike, number of grains per fertile tiller, fertile tiller yield, awn length, awn weight, straw yield, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, total grain yield, total biomass and total straw yield were higher than average. Therefore, the genotypes of this group can be used to improve grain yield. In principal component analysis, the first three components explained for 68.28% of the total variation. For the first component, single plant weight, spike weight, fertile tiller yield, straw yield, total grain yield and total biomass had high positive coefficients. According to the analysis of the main components, the first component, grain yield component, the second component, maturity-related traits and the third component, leaf-related traits were named. These components can be used in the selection of durum wheat genotypes in breeding programs.
Conclusion: Among durum wheat genotypes in terms of studied traits, considerable diversity was found, and this diversity can be used in breeding programs for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and other breeding purposes.
Introduction and Objective: The main usage of durum wheat is the production of semolina (pasta flour) for pasta products due to its high protein and strong glutamine. The development of the pasta industry, along with the increase in its demand and the favorable weather conditions in many parts of Iran, requires more research, especially in the field of durum wheat breeding with knowledge of the genetic diversity of the studied genotypes.
Material and methods:The plant material used in this experiment included 18 winter durum wheat genotypes that were evaluated in dryland conditions in a randomized complete block design with four replications at Moghan Dryland Agricultural Research Station located in Pars-Abad of Ardabil province. The 32 phenomorphological and agronomic traits were measured in laboratory and field.
Results: The difference between the studied genotypes was significant for most of the traits. Mean comparison of traits for durum wheat genotypes in important traits such as total grain yield, total biomass, yield of fertile tillers, weight of main spike, number of leaves, length of spike and length of peduncle, introduced two genotypes as prior genotypes. Total grain yield had a significant positive correlation with some traits such as main spike weight, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike, number of grains in fertile tillers, yield of fertile tillers and awn weight. Cluster analysis classified 18 durum wheat genotypes to three groups. The first cluster included seven genotypes, the second cluster contained three genotypes, and finally the third cluster included eight genotypes. The third cluster in terms of plant height, spike length, peduncle length, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of fertile tillers, weight of single plant, weight of main spike, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike, number of grains per fertile tiller, fertile tiller yield, awn length, awn weight, straw yield, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, total grain yield, total biomass and total straw yield were higher than average. Therefore, the genotypes of this group can be used to improve grain yield. In principal component analysis, the first three components explained for 68.28% of the total variation. For the first component, single plant weight, spike weight, fertile tiller yield, straw yield, total grain yield and total biomass had high positive coefficients. According to the analysis of the main components, the first component, grain yield component, the second component, maturity-related traits and the third component, leaf-related traits were named. These components can be used in the selection of durum wheat genotypes in breeding programs.
Conclusion: Among durum wheat genotypes in terms of studied traits, considerable diversity was found, and this diversity can be used in breeding programs for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and other breeding purposes.
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