1- Urmia University
2- Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Karaj,Iran
2- Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Karaj,Iran
Abstract: (75 Views)
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Salinity stress is one of the important abiotic stresses that affects the characteristics of germination, seedling growth, production and even quality characteristics of wheat. Tolerance to salt stress is controlled by several gene loci, and determining the genetic diversity and identifying related gene loci and their use in selection with the help of markers can play an important role in the genetic improvement of plants. Therefore, the present research was carried out to identify genetic diversity and important markers related to important seedling traits under normal conditions and salt stress in wheat genotypes.
Materials and Methods: In the phenotypic evaluation department, 37 wheat genotypes were studied in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in two normal conditions and under salinity stress in 2019 in the salinity research greenhouse of the grain research department of Karaj Seed Breeding and Preparation Institute. were studied in Hoagland culture medium. In the molecular part, all the investigated genotypes were evaluated using 27 SSR markers that were related to the reported regions of QTLs for salt tolerance in wheat.
Results: The results of analysis of variance in two conditions showed statistically significant differences between the studied genotypes in terms of chlorophyll level, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, dry weight of total biomass, sodium content, potassium content and potassium content ratio. There is a difference that indicates high genetic diversity between the investigated genotypes. In analyzing the population structure by Bayesian method, the examined genotypes were classified into two possible subgroups (K = 2) based on the maximum value of ∆K. So that there were 18 genotypes in the first subgroup and 19 genotypes in the second subgroup. According to the results of correlation analysis with mixed linear model (MLM) method, 29 significant (P<0.01) marker-trait correlations were observed in normal conditions and 30 in salinity stress conditions. In the conditions of salt stress, the markers gwm108 and gwm47 showed a high correlation with the traits of sodium content and the ratio of potassium to sodium content, which can be used to identify samples tolerant to salt stress.
Conclusion:The results of the present study have provided valuable information related to the genetic diversity of the studied genotypes and the genetic basis of the studied traits, which can be used to advance cross-breeding programs and select and produce the desired genotypes be used.
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