1. Alqarawi, A., A. Hashem, E. Abd_Allah, T. Alshahrani and A. Huqail. 2014. Effect of salinity on moisture content, pigment system and lipid composition in Ephedra alata Decne. Acta Biologica Hungarica, 65 (1): 61-71. [
DOI:10.1556/ABiol.65.2014.1.6]
2. Amanifar, S. and Z. Toghranegar. 2020. The efficiency of Arbuscular mycorrhiza for improving tolerance of Valeriana officinalis L. and enhancing valerenic acid accumulation under salinity stress. Industrial Crops and Products, 147:112234. [
DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112234]
3. Arif, M., T. Jan, M. Riaz, S. Fahad, M.S. Arif, M.B. Shakoor and F. Rasul. 2019. Advances in rice research for abiotic stress tolerance: agronomic approaches to improve Rice production under abiotic stress. In Advances in Rice Research for Abiotic Stress Tolerance, 585-614. [
DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-814332-2.00029-0]
4. Arnon, D., I. and F.R. Whatley. 1949. Is chloride a coenzyme of photosynthesis? Science,110 (2865): 554-556. [
DOI:10.1126/science.110.2865.554]
5. Barkaoui, M., A. Katiri, H. Boubaker and F. Msanda. 2017. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the traditional treatment of diabetes in Chtouka Ait Baha and Tiznit (Western Anti-Atlas), Morocco. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 198: 338-350. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.023]
6. Bates, I., Waldern, R.P and I.D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207. [
DOI:10.1007/BF00018060]
7. Bijani, M., S. Yadali P. Dehcheshmeh, M.R. Asgharipoor, M. Heidari. 2016. The effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on some physiological characteristics and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) Scientific Journal, Under Water Stress, 3 (9).
8. Bowler, C. and R. Fluhr. 2000. The role of calcium and activated oxygens as signals for controlling 13. cross-tolerance. Trends in plant science, 5 (6): 241-246. [
DOI:10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01628-9]
9. Bradford, M., M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of micrograms of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry Quantities, 72: 248-254. [
DOI:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3]
10. Carson, C.F. and K.A. Hammer. 2015. Chemistry & bioactivity of essential oils. In, Thormar, H. (Ed.), Lipids & Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents, 203-238. [
DOI:10.1002/9780470976623.ch9]
11. Chen, A.H., Y.R. Chai, J.N. Li and L. Chen. 2007. Molecular cloning of two genes encoding cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) from oilseed rape (Brassica napus). BMB Reports, 40(2): 247-260. [
DOI:10.5483/BMBRep.2007.40.2.247]
12. Chen, H. and J. G. Jiang. 2009. Osmotic responses of Dunaliella to the changes of salinity. Journal of cellular physiology, 219 (2): 251-258. [
DOI:10.1002/jcp.21715]
13. Chen, J., H. Zhang, X. Zhang and M. Tang. 2017. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis alleviates salt stress in black locusts through improved photosynthesis, water status and K+/Na+ homeostasis. Frontiers in plant science, 8:1739. [
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.01739]
14. Copetta, A., G. Lingua and G. Berta. 2006. Effects of three AM fungi on growth, distribution of glandular hairs and essential oil production in Ocimum basilicum L. var. Genovese. Mycorrhiza, 16 (7): 485-494. [
DOI:10.1007/s00572-006-0065-6]
15. Dai, J. and R. Mumper. 2010. Plant phenolics, extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anti-cancer properties. Molecules, 15 (10): 7313-7352. [
DOI:10.3390/molecules15107313]
16. Demir, V., E.D. A.T. T.U.N.C.A.Y. Gunhan, A.K. Yagcioglu and A.D.N.A.N. Degirmencioglu. 2004. Mathematical modeling and the determination of some quality parameters of air-dried bay leaves. Biosystems Engineering, 88 (3): 325-335. [
DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.04.005]
17. Dodd, I., C. and F. Pérez-Alfocea. 2012. Microbial amelioration of crop salinity stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63 (9): 3415-3428. [
DOI:10.1093/jxb/ers033]
18. El Zahaby, H., M.G. Gellner and Z. Kiraly. 1995. Effects of powdery mildew infection of barley on the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and other antioxidants in different host-pathogen interactions. Phytopathology (USA). [
DOI:10.1094/Phyto-85-1225]
19. El-Hilaly, J., M. Hmammouchi and B. Lyoussi. 2003. Ethnobotanical studies and economic evaluation of medicinal plants in Taounate province (Northern Morocco). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 86 (2-3):149-158. [
DOI:10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00012-6]
20. Elhindi, K., M. A.S. El-Din and A.M. Elgorban. 2017. The impact of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in mitigating salt-induced adverse effects in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24(1): 170-179. [
DOI:10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.02.010]
21. Emami, A. 1997. Methods of plant decomposition (Volume I). Soil and Water Research Institute, Volume 2, Number 982: 128 p.
22. Evelin H., R. Kapoor and B. Giri. 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress: a review. Annals of Botany, 104: 1263-1280. [
DOI:10.1093/aob/mcp251]
23. Evelin, H., T.S. Devi, S. Gupta and R. Kapoor. 2019. Mitigation of salinity stress in plants by Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: current understanding and new challenges. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10: 470. [
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2019.00470]
24. Fester, T. and R. Sawers. 2011. Progress and challenges in agricultural applications of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 30(5): 459-470. [
DOI:10.1080/07352689.2011.605741]
25. Fierascu, R.C., I. Fierascu, A. Ortan, M.I. Georgiev and E. Sieniawska. 2020. Innovative approaches for the recovery of phytoconstituents from medicinal/aromatic plants and biotechnological production. Molecules, 25(2): 309. [
DOI:10.3390/molecules25020309]
26. Gamaro, G.D., E. Suyenaga, M. Borsoi, J. Lermen, P. Pereira and P. Ardenghi. 2011. Effect of rosmarinic and caffeic acids on inflammatory and nociception process in rats. International Scholarly Research Notices. [
DOI:10.5402/2011/451682]
27. Gharsallah, C., H. Fakhfakh, D. Grubb and F. Gorsane. 2016. Effect of salt stress on ion concentration, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato cultivars. AoB Plants, 8. [
DOI:10.1093/aobpla/plw055]
28. Ghollarata, M. and F. Raiesi. 2007. The adverse effects of soil salinization on the growth of Trifolium alexandrinum L. and associated microbial and biochemical properties in soil from Iran. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39(7): 1699-1702. [
DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.01.024]
29. Gill S.S. and N. Tuteja. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48: 909-930. [
DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016]
30. Grattan, S.R. 1999. Mineral nutrient acquisition and response by plants grown in saline environments. Handbook of plant and crop stress, 203-229. [
DOI:10.1201/9780824746728.ch9]
31. Gupta, N.S., R. Michels, D.E. Briggs, M.E. Collinson, R.P. Evershed and R.D. Pancost. 2007. Experimental evidence for the formation of macromolecules from plant leaf lipids. Organic Geochemistry, 38(1): 28-36. [
DOI:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.09.014]
32. Hossain, M.S. 2019. Present scenario of global salt-affected soils, its management and importance of salinity research. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 1: 1-3.
33. Isah, T. 2019. Stress and defense responses in plant secondary metabolites production. Biological Research, 52:39. [
DOI:10.1186/s40659-019-0246-3]
34. Isayenkov, S.V. and F.J. Maathuis. 2019. Plant salinity stress: many unanswered questions remain. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10: 80. [
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2019.00080]
35. Jabalbarezi, B., M. Zarei, N.A. Karimian and M.J. Sahrkhiz. 2015. Effect of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on nutrients uptake, some growth indices and essence oil content of Satureja hortensis under salinity stress conditions. Science of Water and Soil Journal, 25: 285-299.
36. Kapoor, R., H. Evelin, P. Mathur and B. Giri. 2013. Cymbopogon citrates. Available from: Url: www.floridata.com/ref/c/cymb_cit.cfm.
37. Kang, Y., I. Torres‐Jerez, Z. An, V. Greve, D. Huhman, N. Krom, Y. Cui and M. Udvardi, 2019. Genome‐wide association analysis of salinity responsive traits in Medicago truncatula. Plant, Cell & Environment, 42(5):1513-1531. [
DOI:10.1111/pce.13508]
38. Khalondi, M., M.R. Amerian, H.A. Pirdashti, M. Firoozabadi brothers and A. Gholami. 2016. The coexistence effect of Piriformospora indica on the quantity of essential oil and some physiological traits of peppermint in salinity stress. Plant Biology of Iran, 9(32): 20-1.
39. Kochert, G. 1978. Carbohydrate determination by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. Handbook of phycological methods, Phycological and biochemical methods., 95.
40. Lee, E.H., J.K. Eo, K.H. Ka and A.H. Eom. 2013. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their roles in ecosystems. Mycobiology 41: 121-125. [
DOI:10.5941/MYCO.2013.41.3.121]
41. Nadernejad, N., A. Ahmadimoghadam, J. Hossyinifard and S. Poorseyedi. 2013. Study of the rootstock and cultivar effect in PAL activity, production of phenolic and flavonoid compounds on flower, leaf and fruit in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 5(15): 95-110.
42. Maathuis, F.J. 2014. Sodium in plants: perception, signaling and regulation of sodium fluxes. Journal of Experimental Botany, 65 (3): 849-858. [
DOI:10.1093/jxb/ert326]
43. Mahmoud, A.S. 2006. Reversed-phase HPLC determination of citral in locally grown lemongrass harvested at different seasons (Doctoral dissertation, East Tennessee State University).
44. Maria, A., Ponce Jose and M.M. Alicia. 2004. Flavonoids from shoot and root of Trifolium repens (White clover) grown in presence or absence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradice. Phytochemistry 65: 19251930. [
DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.06.005]
45. Marschner, H. and B. Dell. 1994. Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant and Soil, 159(1): 89-102. [
DOI:10.1007/BF00000098]
46. Meena, K.K., A.M. Sorty, U.M. Bitla, K. Choudhary, P. Gupta, A. Pareek, D.P. Singh, R. Prabha, P.K. Sahu, V.K. Gupta and H.B. Singh. 2017. Abiotic stress responses and microbe-mediated mitigation in plants: the omics strategies. Frontiers in plant science, 8:172. [
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.00172]
47. Nakano, Y. and K. Asada. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in Spanish chloroplasts. Plant and cell physiology, 22 (5): 867-880.
48. Olorunnisola, S.K., H.T. Asiyanbi, A.M. Hammed and S. Simsek. 2014. Biological properties of lemongrass: An overview. International Food Research Journal, 21 (2): 455.
49. Porcel, R., R. Aroca, R. Azcon and J.M. Ruiz-Lozano. 2016. Regulation of cation transporter genes by the Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in rice plants subjected to salinity suggests improved salt tolerance due to reduced Na+ root-to-shoot distribution. Mycorrhiza, 26 (7): 673-684. [
DOI:10.1007/s00572-016-0704-5]
50. Rodríguez, I.I.G., A.F. Francisco, L.S. Moreira-Dill, A. Quintero, C.L. GuimarãesC.A. Fernandes, A.A. Takeda, F.B. Zanchi, C.A. Caldeira, P.S. Pereira and M.R. Fontes. 2020. Isolation and structural characterization of bioactive compound from Aristolochia sprucei aqueous extract with anti-myotoxic activity. Toxicon: X, 7: 100049. [
DOI:10.1016/j.toxcx.2020.100049]
51. Rostami, R., B. Esmaielpour, S.A. Hosseini, G. Salimi and A. Etminan. 2022. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae on growth, biochemical characteristics and essential oil yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under lead heavy metal stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 38 (1):114-132.
52. Santander, C., M. Sanhueza, J. Olave, F. Borie, A. Valentine and P. Cornejo. 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization promotes tolerance to salt stress in lettuce plants through an efficient modification of ionic balance. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 19 (2): 321-331. [
DOI:10.1007/s42729-019-00032-z]
53. Sairam, R.K., K.V. Rao and G.C. Srivastava. 2002. Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Journal of Plant science, 163 (5): 1037-1046. [
DOI:10.1016/S0168-9452(02)00278-9]
54. Sepaskhah A.R. and D. Akbari. 2005. Deficit Irrigation Planning under Variable Seasonal Rainfall, ublished by Elsevier Ltd., Biosystems Engineering, 92 (1): 97-106. [
DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.05.014]
55. Stafford, H.A. 1994. Anthocyanins and betalains: evolution of mutually exclusive pathways. Plant Sci 101: 9198. [
DOI:10.1016/0168-9452(94)90244-5]
56. Toor, R.K. and G.P. Savage. 2005. Antioxidant activity in different fractions of tomatoes. Food Research International, 38: 487-494. [
DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2004.10.016]
57. Tzanova, M., V. Atanasov, Yaneva, Z. D. Ivanova and T. Dinev. 2020. Selectivity of current extraction techniques for flavonoids from plant materials. Processes, 8 (10):1222. [
DOI:10.3390/pr8101222]
58. Verbruggen N. and C. Hermans. 2008. Proline accumulation in plants, a review. Amino Acids 35: 753-759. [
DOI:10.1007/s00726-008-0061-6]
59. Verslues, P.E., M. Agarwal, S. Katiyar‐Agarwal, J. Zhu and J.K. Zhu. 2006. Methods and concepts in quantifying resistance to drought, salt and freezing, abiotic stresses that affect plant water status. The Plant Journal, 45 (4): 523-539. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02593.x]
60. Wang, C., J. Beringer, L.B. Hutley, J. Cleverly, J. Li, Q. Liu and Y. Sun. 2019. Phenology dynamics of dryland ecosystems along the North Australian tropical transect revealed by satellite solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence. Geophysical Research Letters, 46 (10): 5294-5302. [
DOI:10.1029/2019GL082716]
61. Wu, N., Z. Li, H. Liu and M. Tang. 2015. Influence of Arbuscular mycorrhiza on photosynthesis and water status of populus cathayana Rehder males and females under salt stress. Acta Physiol. Plant. 37:183. [
DOI:10.1007/s11738-015-1932-6]
62. Yamasaki, H., S. Yasuko and I. Norikatsu. 1997. Flavonoid-peroxidase reaction as a detoxification mechanism of plant cells against H2O2. Plant Physiol, 115: 1405-1412. [
DOI:10.1104/pp.115.4.1405]
63. Yano-Melo, A.M., J.D. Saggin and L.C. Maia. 2003. Tolerance of mycorrhized banana (Musa sp.cv. Pacovan) planets to saline stress. Agriculture Ecosystical Environmental, 95: 343 - 48. [
DOI:10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00044-0]
64. Zandavalli, R.B., L.R. Dillenburg and P.V.D. de Souza. 2004. Growth responses of Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) to inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus clarum. Applied Soil Ecology, 25 (3): 245-255. [
DOI:10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.09.009]
65. Zhang, Z., J. Zhang, G. Xu, L. Zhou and Y. Li. 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the growth and drought tolerance of Zenia insignis seedlings under drought stress. New Forests, 50(4), pp.593-604. [
DOI:10.1007/s11056-018-9681-1]