Journal of Crop Breeding

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In order to evaluate salinity stress effects on differential expression of metallothionein gene, chlorophyll content, TBARM and some agronomic traits in wheat, the experiment has been carried out using split factorial format based on RCBD design with 4 replications in 2008-09. The main factor included three developmental stages (tillering, stem elongation, heading) and sub factors included factorial arrangement of two wheat cultivars (Kavir and Falat) and 4 salinity levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM). The seeds have been sown in pots containing perlit and cocopit (2:1) and were nutritioned with Hogland solution. Leaf samples were taken at three growth stages. The studied traits included shoot dry weight, leaf aria, special leaf weight, growth rate, seed number, seed weight, grain yield, chlorophyll a-b, TBARM, superoxide ion content and metallothionein gene expression. Results of statistical analysis showed significant effects of salinity levels on all traits except special leaf weight. Shoot dry weight and chlorophyll stability showed strong correlation in favor of resume salt stress in Kavir cultivar. Generally, increased salinity stress resulted in high TBARM index. It was almost the same for super-oxide radical specially at heading stage. Metallothionein gene expression showed high correlation with the amount of this radical specifically in heading stage. This was expected given the anti-oxidant role of the gene, and confirmed this gene promoter induced by super oxide radical.

Keywords: Wheat, Gene expression, Metallothionein, Salt stress, Super-oxide radical

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