1- University of Tabriz
Abstract: (24 Views)
Introduction and Objectives: Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a self-pollinated plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. Studying phenotypic and genetic diversity is essential for identifying similar genotypes aimed at the conservation, evaluation, and utilization of genetic resources, as well as assessing germplasm diversity before initiating breeding programs. Accordingly, in a breeding program, several pure lines were selected from local pepper populations in East Azerbaijan Province. In this study, the agronomic traits of eight selected lines, along with the commercial variety Euro 4, were investigated.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, while mean comparisons were carried out with Duncan’s multiple range test, and charts were prepared using Excel. In this research, pure lines were selected from local pepper populations in East Azerbaijan Province as part of a breeding program. The agronomic characteristics of eight selected lines and the commercial variety Euro 4 were evaluated at the Khalat-Poushan Research Center and the Vegetable Breeding and Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz.
Results: The results indicated that the commercial variety Euro 4 recorded the shortest time from germination to the onset of flowering at 33.82 days, showing a significant difference compared to other varieties and lines. Additionally, over three consecutive days, Euro 4 exhibited the highest fruit length growth at 13.6 cm. The highest fresh fruit weight was observed in line 18, with 41.61 g, while the lowest fresh fruit weight was recorded in line 16 at 26.5 g. Mean performance comparison results showed that line 18 had the highest yield among the varieties and lines at 37.8 kg. The large yellow fruit line produced the greatest fruit thickness at 77.4 mm. Based on the findings, Euro 4 was recognized as the fastest variety in accelerating flowering and had the highest fruit length growth, while line 12 exhibited the highest vitamin C content in 100 g of fresh weight, indicating its high nutritional potential.
Conclusion: Euro 4 was recognized as the best variety in terms of germination speed, flowering time, and fruit growth. In contrast, lines 12 and 16 were late-germinating and late-flowering. Biochemically, line 12 exhibited the highest vitamin C content, while Euro 4 had the lowest, indicating genetic diversity among populations. Qualitative assessments also revealed varying taste profiles among lines (ranging from sweet to hot). Genetic diversity analysis suggests that combining local genetic resources with hybrid varieties can enhance yield and environmental tolerance.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, while mean comparisons were carried out with Duncan’s multiple range test, and charts were prepared using Excel. In this research, pure lines were selected from local pepper populations in East Azerbaijan Province as part of a breeding program. The agronomic characteristics of eight selected lines and the commercial variety Euro 4 were evaluated at the Khalat-Poushan Research Center and the Vegetable Breeding and Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz.
Results: The results indicated that the commercial variety Euro 4 recorded the shortest time from germination to the onset of flowering at 33.82 days, showing a significant difference compared to other varieties and lines. Additionally, over three consecutive days, Euro 4 exhibited the highest fruit length growth at 13.6 cm. The highest fresh fruit weight was observed in line 18, with 41.61 g, while the lowest fresh fruit weight was recorded in line 16 at 26.5 g. Mean performance comparison results showed that line 18 had the highest yield among the varieties and lines at 37.8 kg. The large yellow fruit line produced the greatest fruit thickness at 77.4 mm. Based on the findings, Euro 4 was recognized as the fastest variety in accelerating flowering and had the highest fruit length growth, while line 12 exhibited the highest vitamin C content in 100 g of fresh weight, indicating its high nutritional potential.
Conclusion: Euro 4 was recognized as the best variety in terms of germination speed, flowering time, and fruit growth. In contrast, lines 12 and 16 were late-germinating and late-flowering. Biochemically, line 12 exhibited the highest vitamin C content, while Euro 4 had the lowest, indicating genetic diversity among populations. Qualitative assessments also revealed varying taste profiles among lines (ranging from sweet to hot). Genetic diversity analysis suggests that combining local genetic resources with hybrid varieties can enhance yield and environmental tolerance.
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