fa ارزیابی تجزیه علیت بر روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در برنج (Oryza sativa L.) تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی اصلاح نباتات، بیومتری اصلاح نباتات، بیومتری پژوهشي Research <strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">منظور</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تعیین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ارتباط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صفات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مختلف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانه در لاین</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">های نوترکیب برنج (</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">F₈</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آزمایشی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با 150 لاین حاصل از تلاقی ارقام سپیدرود (رقم حساس به خشکی به&shy;عنوان والد نر) و غریب (رقم مقاوم به خشکی به&shy;عنوان والد ماده) به همراه شش رقم به&shy;عنوان ارقام شاهد در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">قالب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طرح آگمنت با استفاده از طرح پایه بلوک&shy;های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار (برای ارقام شاهد) در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دو</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">محیط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;نرمال و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تنش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">خشکی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سال</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زراعی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">93-</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">1392 در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مزرعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحقیقاتی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانشکده علوم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کشاورزی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانشگاه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گیلان انجام شد. نتایج</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تجزیه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">واریانس،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تفاوت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معنی&shy;داری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بین لاین&shy;ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نظر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کلیه&shy;ی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صفات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مورد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مطالعه در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دو</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شرایط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">محیطی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نشان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">داد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">رگرسیون گام به گام برای عملکرد دانه به&shy;عنوان متغیر وابسته و سایر صفات به&shy;عنوان متغیر مستقل نشان داد که در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شرایط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بدون</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تنش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صفات دمای کانوپی، تعداد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">خوشه در بوته،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">برگ</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرچم، میزان کلروفیل </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">b</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، تعداد دانه پر در خوشه، شاخص کلروفیل، تعداد روز تا گلدهی، میزان پرولین و طول خوشه با ضریب تبیین 60 درصد و در شرایط تنش میزان پرولین، دمای کانوپی و تعداد دانه پر در خوشه با ضریب تبیین 57 درصد سهم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مؤ</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ثرتری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">توجیه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانه داشتند. در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تجزیه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علیت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانه،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بیشترین آثار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مستقیم </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مثبت </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مربوط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">&shy;طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">برگ</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرچم، تعداد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">خوشه در بوته</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تعداد دانه پر در خوشه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحت شرایط بدون تنش و تعداد دانه پر در خوشه و میزان پرولین تحت شرایط تنش </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بود</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نشان&shy;دهنده اهمیت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صفات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">می&shy;باشد</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">.</span></span></strong> <a name="OLE_LINK32"></a><a name="OLE_LINK31">In order to determine the relations between different characteristics with grain yield</a> of rice lines, an experiment carried out with 150 F<strong>₈</strong> recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two Iranian rice varieties Sepidroud (drought susceptible variety, male parent) and Gharib (drought tolerant variety, female parent) along with 6 varieties as check varieties based on Augment design using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications in two environments (stress and non&ndash;stress conditions) in the research farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan in 2013-14 growing season. Results of variance Analysis showed that there were significant differences among lines for all studied traits. Stepwise regression for grain yield as dependent variable and other traits as independent variables showed that canopy temperature, number of panicle per plant, flag leaf length, chlorophyl b, number of filled grain per panicle, SPAD number, days to 50% flowering, proline content and panicle length (R² = 60%) under non&ndash;stress conditions and proline content, canopy temperature and number of filled grain per panicle (R² = 56%) under stress conditions were able to explain more effective portion of the variance. In the path analysis for grain yield the maximum positive direct effects were related to flag leaf length, number of panicle per plant and number of filled grain per panicle under non-stress conditions and number of filled grain per panicle and proline content under stress conditions that showed important characteristics in relation to grain yield. برنج, تجزیه علیت, تنش خشکی, رگرسیون گام به گام, عملکرد دانه Drought Stress, Grain Yield, Path Analysis, Rice, Stepwise Regression 30 39 http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-301&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Maryam Danesh Gilevaei مریم دانش گیلوایی 10031947532846009518 10031947532846009518 No Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan دانشگاه گیلان Habibollah Samizadeh حبیب اله سمیع زاده 10031947532846009519 10031947532846009519 Yes Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan دانشگاه گیلان Babak Rabiei بابک ربیعی 10031947532846009520 10031947532846009520 No Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan دانشگاه گیلان