Journal of Crop Breeding
پژوهشنامه اصلاح گیاهان زراعی
jcb
Agriculture
http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir
1
admin
2228-6128
2676-4628
10.61186/jcb
fa
jalali
1401
5
1
gregorian
2022
8
1
14
42
online
1
fulltext
fa
مطالعه تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی ژنوتیپهای لوبیا در پاسخ به محلولپاشی برگی اسید سالسیلیک تحت شرایط تنش خشکی
Study of the Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Common bean in Response to Foliar Application of Salcylic Acid under Drought Stress Conditions
اصلاح براي تنش هاي زنده و غيرزنده محيطي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">چکیده مبسوط</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه و هدف:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> تنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل مهم محدودکننده رشد گیاهان بهشمار میرود. اسید سالیسیلیک یک ترکیب فنلی تولید شده توسط گیاه است که نقش مهمی در تنظیم فرایندهای مختلف گیاه دارد. تحقیقات نشان داده است که کاربرد خارجی اسید سالیسیلیک میتواند تحمل گیاه در برابر برخی تنشهای غیرزنده از جمله تنش اسمزی، خشکی، شوری، ازن و اشعه ماورای بنفش را افزایش دهد. هدف از اجرای این پژوهش بررسی برهمکنش تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی در ژنوتیپهای لوبیا بود</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مواد و روشها: </span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">این پژوهش در سال 1400-1399 بهصورت فاکتوریل در در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات واقع در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران اجرا شد. سطوح مختلف خشکی در دو سطح 80% و 50% ظرفیت زراعی، فاکتور ژنوتیپ شامل دو ژنوتیپ لوبیای معمولی (ناز و 167) برگزیده از آزمون مزرعهای و عامل اسید سالیسیلیک در دو سطح شامل</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">عدم مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک (شاهد) و محلولپاشی اسید سالیسیلیک (بهمیزان 1میلیمولار) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. پس از اعمال تیمارها صفاتی مختلف فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافتهها:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی موجب کاهش معنیداری در نشت یونی و افزایش معنیداری در میزان نشت یونی، پراکسید هیدروژن و مالون دی آلدئید در هر دو ژنوتیپ گردید. این تغییرات تحت تنش خشکی در ژنوتیپ ناز به مراتب بیشتر از ژنوتیپ 167 بود. محلولپاشی برگی اسید سالیسیلیک موجب کاهش میزان مالون دیآلدئید، نشت یونی و پراکسید هیدروژن و افزایش میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان، پرولین و محتوای نسبی در تمام سطوح خشکی گردید. کاهش این تغییرات در محلولپاشی برگی توسط سالسیلیک اسید در ژنوتیپ ناز به مراتب بیشتر از ژنوتیپ 167 بود. </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که محلولپاشی برگی اسید سالیسیلیک توانست</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">حفظ بهتر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">وضعیت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">آبی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">برگ </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">محتوای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نسبی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">آب</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">برگ گیاه</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، حفظ</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بهتر پایداری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">غشاء</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">سلولی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">کاهش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نشت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یونی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مالون دیآلدهید</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، افزایش بیشتر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">میزان محلول</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">پرولین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">همچنین افزایش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">فعالیت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی (سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز، اسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز) در هر دو ژنوتیپ لوبیا تحت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">شرایط</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تنش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">خشکی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">باعث</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">کاهش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تأثیرات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">منفی تنش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">خشکی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">شده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">درنتیجه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">گیاه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">را</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقاومتر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">میسازد.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بنابراین،با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">توجه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتایج</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">پژوهش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">کاربرد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">محلول</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">پاشی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">برگی 1 میلی مولار سالسیلیک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">اسید</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">کاهش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">اثرات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">منفی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تنش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">خشکی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">لوبیا پیشنهاد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">میگردد.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="font-family:"2 Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:80%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; background:white; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Extended Abstract</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:80%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; background:white; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction and Objective:</span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound produced by plants that plays an important role in regulating various plant processes. Research has shown that external application of salicylic acid can increase plant tolerance to some abiotic stresses such as osmotic stress, drought, salinity, ozone and ultraviolet rays. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of drought stress and foliar application of salicylic acid on some physiological and biochemical parameters in bean genotypes.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:80%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; background:white; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Material and Methods:</span></span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">To investigate the effect of salicylic acid on the physiological and biochemical trait of bean genotypes under drought stress, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates was performed at 2020 in the research greenhouse of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran in Karaj. The treatments included two genotyps of common bean (167drought tolerant and Naz drought sensitive), two levels of drought stress, 80% of field capacity (as control), and 40% of field capacity (severe drought stress) as well as two concentrations of salicylic acid 0, 1 mM. After applying the treatments, various physiological and biochemical traits were evaluated.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:80%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: </span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced ion leakage and significantly increased ion leakage, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in both genotypes. These changes under drought stress were far greater in Naz genotype than in genotype 167. Foliar application of salicylic acid reduced the amount of malondialdehyde, ion leakage and hydrogen peroxide and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline and relative content at all drought levels. The reduction of these changes in leaf foliar application by salicylic acid in Naz genotype was much greater than genotype 167.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:80%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: </span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results showed that that foliar application of salicylic acid was able to maintain the leaf water status (relative leaf water content), maintain cell membrane stability (by reducing ion and malondialdehyde leakage), increase the amount of compatible solutions (proline) as well as increasing the Antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase) in both bean genotypes and thus, reduce the negative effects of drought stress and make the plant more resistant. Therefore, the foliar application of 1 mM salicylic acid can be used to reduce the destructive effects of drought stress on bean genotypes.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:80%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
استرس خشکی, پایداری غشاء, پرولین, لوبیا, سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز
Common bean, Drought stress, Membrane stability, Prolins, Superoxide dismutase
117
126
http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-888-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
manije
sabokdast
منیژه
سبکدست
sabokdast@ut.ac.ir
100319475328460018989
100319475328460018989
Yes
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Jamshid
Moradi
جمشید
مرادی
jamshid.moradi@ut.ac.ir
100319475328460018990
100319475328460018990
No
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران