Journal of Crop Breeding

fa ارزیابی کمی و کیفی برخی از صفات بیوشیمیایی گیاه داروئی آقطی (.Sambucus ebulus L) در رویشگاه‌های مختلف استان مازندران Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of some Biochemical Traits of Sambucus ebulus L. Medicinal Plant in Different Habitats of Mazandaran Province بيوتكنولوژي گياهي بيوتكنولوژي گياهي پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">چکیده مبسوط مقدمه و هدف: گیاهان دارویی منبع بسیاری از مواد آلی از جمله متابولیت‌های ثانویه هستند که به عنوان مواد اولیه ترکیبات دارویی و صنعتی استفاده می‌شوند. شناخت گیاهان دارویی و استفاده از ترکیبات آنها به جای ساخت ترکیبات شیمیایی، همواره مورد توجه محققین بوده‌ است. آقطی (Sambucus ebulus L.) گیاه دارویی و بومی ارزشمندی است که در شمال ایران می‌روید. مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق به‌منظور ارزیابی برخی از صفات بیوشیمیایی گیاه آقطی از نظر کمی و کیفی، سه اندام برگ، ساقه و میوه این گیاه از سه منطقه ساری، بابل و آمل در سه ارتفاع 100-0، 600-500 و 1000-900 متر از سطح دریا، با سه تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاٌ تصادفی جمع‌آوری و عصاره‌گیری شد و صفاتی مانند کلروفیل، کارتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و پرولین مورد بررسی از نظر کمی قرار گرفت. همچنین صفات آنتوسیانین و پرولین نیز از نظر کیفی بررسی شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون‌ کیفی، حضور آنتوسیانین و پرولین را در هر سه اندام‌ نشان داد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که ارتفاع از سطح دریا و اندام اثر معنی‌داری بر کلروفیل a، کلروفیلb، کلروفیل کل، کارتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و پرولین داشت. اثر منطقه نیز بر همه‌ی صفات مورد بررسی به جز کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که کارتنوئید و آنتوسیانین در هر سه اندام برگ، ساقه و میوه گیاه آقطی، با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا، افزایش داشت. همچنین مقادیر کلروفیل و پرولین با افزایش ارتفاع، در اندام برگ کاهش یافته اما در اندام‌ ساقه و میوه‌‌، این ترکیبات افزایش نشان دادند. میزان آنتوسیانین و پرولین در میوه گیاه آقطی بیشترین مقدار را دارا بود، اما میزان رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی در اندام برگ بیشتر از میوه و پس از آن ساقه بود. بیشترین میزان کلروفیل a و b (21/45 و 11/55میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) مربوط به اندام برگ، منطقه ساری در ارتفاع 100-0 متری از سطح دریا مشاهده شد. نتایج ضرایب همبستگی نشان داد که بین رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشته و بیشترین میزان ضریب همبستگی بین کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل (0/962r = ) مشاهده شد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج آزمایش حاضر، نشان می‌دهد عوامل محیطی از جمله ارتفاع از سطح دریا و مشخصات جغرافیایی تأثیر معنی‌داری در میزان متابولیت‌ها دارد. در مجموع با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق، بهترین رویشگاه از نظر بیشترین مقدار رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، از بین مناطق مورد مطالعه، منطقه ساری، بود.  </div> <div class="WordSection1" dir="RTL" style="text-align: justify;"> <div class="WordSection1" dir="ltr"> <div class="WordSection1">  Extended Abstract Introduction and Objective: <v:shape filled="f" id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_8" o:gfxdata="UEsDBBQABgAIAAAAIQC75UiUBQEAAB4CAAATAAAAW0NvbnRlbnRfVHlwZXNdLnhtbKSRvU7DMBSF dyTewfKKEqcMCKEmHfgZgaE8wMW+SSwc27JvS/v23KTJgkoXFsu+P+c7Ol5vDoMTe0zZBl/LVVlJ gV4HY31Xy4/tS3EvRSbwBlzwWMsjZrlprq/W22PELHjb51r2RPFBqax7HCCXIaLnThvSAMTP1KkI +gs6VLdVdad08ISeCho1ZLN+whZ2jsTzgcsnJwldluLxNDiyagkxOquB2Knae/OLUsyEkjenmdzb mG/YhlRnCWPnb8C898bRJGtQvEOiVxjYhtLOxs8AySiT4JuDystlVV4WPeM6tK3VaILeDZxIOSsu ti/jidNGNZ3/J08yC1dNv9v8AAAA//8DAFBLAwQUAAYACAAAACEArTA/8cEAAAAyAQAACwAAAF9y 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0cm; text-align: justify;">[1]- Controlled deterioration test</div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </v:textbox> </v:shape></div> <div class="WordSection1">Medicinal plants are a source of many organic substances, including secondary metabolites, which are used as raw materials for pharmaceutical and industrial compounds. Knowing medicinal plants and using their compounds instead of making chemical compounds has always been of interest to researchers. Elderberry (Sambucus ebulus L.) is a valuable native medicinal plant that grows in the north of Iran. Material and methods: In this research, in order to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate some of the biochemical traits of Sambucus ebulus plant, the three organs of the leaf, stem and fruit of this plant from the three regions of Sari, Babol and Amol at three altitudes of 0-100, 500-600 and 900-1000 meters from the sea level were collected and extracted with three replications in a completely random design, and traits such as chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin and proline were analyzed quantitatively. Also, anthocyanin and proline traits were also qualitatively investigated. Results: The qualitative test results showed the presence of anthocyanin and proline in all three organs. The results of analysis of variance showed that the height above sea level and the body had a significant effect on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin and proline. The effect of region was also significant on all investigated traits except chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. The comparison of the averages showed that carotenoid and anthocyanin increased in all three organs of the leaf, stem and fruit of the mackerel plant with increasing altitude. Also, the amounts of chlorophyll and proline decreased with increasing height in leaf organs, but these compounds increased in stem and fruit organs. The amount of anthocyanin and proline in the fruit of Sambucus ebulus plant was the highest, but the number of photosynthetic pigments was higher in the leaf organ than in the fruit and then in the stem. The highest amount of chlorophyll a and b (21.45 and 11.55 mg/g fresh weight) related to leaf organ was observed in Sari region at an altitude of 0-100 meters above sea level. The results of correlation coefficients showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between photosynthetic pigments and the highest correlation coefficient was observed between chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll (r = 0.962). Conclusion: The results of the present experiment show that environmental factors such as altitude and geographic characteristics have a significant effect on the number of metabolites. In general, according to the results obtained from this research, the best habitat in terms of the highest number of photosynthetic pigments was Sari region among the studied regions.</div> <div class="WordSection1"></div> <div class="WordSection1"></div> <div class="WordSection1"></div> <div class="WordSection1"></div> <div class="WordSection1">  </div> <div aria-label="Page Break" class="cke_pagebreak" contenteditable="false" data-cke-display-name="pagebreak" data-cke-pagebreak="1" style="page-break-after:always" title="Page Break"></div></div> <div dir="ltr"><div aria-label="Page Break" class="cke_pagebreak" contenteditable="false" data-cke-display-name="pagebreak" data-cke-pagebreak="1" style="page-break-after:always" title="Page Break"></div></div> </div> آقطی (.Sambucus ebulus L), آنتوسیانین, ارتفاع, پرولین, کلروفیل anthocyanin, chlorophyll, height, proline, Sambucus ebulus L. 178 188 http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1171-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Roghayeh Polaki Khoshkrodi رقیه پولکی خشکرودی roghayrh.polaki@gmail.com 100319475328460021843 100319475328460021843 No in Agricultural Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری Nadali Bagheri نادعلی باقری bagherinadali@yahoo.com 100319475328460021844 100319475328460021844 Yes Department of Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University گروه اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری Nadali Babaeian Jelodar نادعلی بابائیان جلودار nbabaeian@yahoo.com 100319475328460021845 100319475328460021845 No Biotechnology Department of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University گروه اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری