fa کشت سوسپانسون سلولی، تولید جنین سوماتیکی و بذر مصنوعی در ارقام مختلف سیب زمینی بيوتكنولوژي گياهي بيوتكنولوژي گياهي پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">چکیده مبسوط</span></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه و هدف</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">: به&shy; منظور غلبه بر مشکلات آلودگی و همچنین روش معمول ازدیاد سیب&shy; زمینی از طریق غده، ریزازدیادی از طریق کشت بافت مورد توجه قرار&shy;گرفته است. هدف از این تحقیق، ‌بررسی‌‌کالوس&shy; زایی، جنین&shy; زایی‌سوماتیکی‌ و تولید بذرمصنوعی در ارقام مختلف سیب&shy;زمینی ‌می&shy;باشد. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش&shy; ها:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> بدین منظور،‌ ریزازدیادی ‌با ‌استفاده ‌از‌ ریز نمونه&shy; های ‌برگ‌ از 6 رقم مختلف سیب&shy; زمینی در‌ محیط&shy;‌کشت</span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> موراشیگ و اسکوگ (</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US">MS</span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">‌حاوی ‌غلظت&shy; های ‌مختلف ‌تنظیم &shy;کننده&shy; های‌ رشد‌ </span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="PT-BR">2,4-D</span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و تیدیازورون صورت گرفت</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="PT-BR">.</span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> سپس کالوس &shy;ها به محیط کشت جنین&shy; زایی جهت القای جنین سوماتیکی با 4 ترکیب تیماری مختلف از تنظیم&shy; کننده &shy;های رشد زئاتین، 6- </span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بنزیل آمینو پورین و اسید جیرلیک</span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در کشت سوسپانسیون و محیط کشت جامد منتقل شدند.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافته&shy; ها:</span></span></b><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> از بین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">12</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">ترکیب ‌تیماری اعمال شده، بالاترین میزان کالوس &shy;زایی در ‌ترکیب ‌تیماری‌ حاوی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">‌ </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">10</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">میلی&shy; گرم در لیتر </span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="PT-BR">&nbsp;2,4-D</span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و10 میلی&shy; گرم در لیتر تیدیازورون</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> مشاهده شد</span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">‌نتایج ‌نشان‌داد در محیط کشت سوسپانسیون، </span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تیمار</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> 0/1 میلی&shy;گرم بر لیتر زئاتین و 0/1 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">اسید جیبرلیک و تیمار 2/5 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">6- </span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بنزیل آمینو پورین</span></span> <span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و 5 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک بالاترین میزان جنین&shy; زایی را داشتند اما در </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">محیط کشت جامد تیمار 5 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر زئاتین و 2/5 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر </span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">6- </span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بنزیل آمینو پورین</span></span><span lang="FA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و تیمار 0/1 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر زئاتین و </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">0/1 میلی&shy; گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک جنین &shy;زایی‌ بهتری ‌داشته ‌است</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="PT-BR">.</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> جنین&shy; های تولید&shy;شده در محیط کشت سوسپانسیون با استفاده از آلژینات کلسیم پوشش &shy;دار شدند و هچنین برخی از آنها به محیط کشت جامد جهت باززایی منتقل شدند.</span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="font-family:"2 Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجه &shy;گیری:</span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span 2="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در مجموع نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که امکان تولید جنین سوماتیکی در حجم انبوه در سیب &shy;زمینی وجود دارد و می توان از این جنین&shy; ها در تولید بذر مصنوعی سیب&shy;&nbsp; زمینی استفاده کرد.</span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Extended Abstract</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Introduction and Objective:</span></span></b> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">In order to overcome the contamination problems, as well as the usual method of increasing potato through micro tuber, micropropagation has been considered through tissue culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the callus induction and embryogenesis in potato cultivars using leaf explants.</span></span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Material and Methods:</span></span></b> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">For this purpose, micropropagation was performed using leaves from six different potato varieties in different mediums. Seedling of different cultivars in different concentrations of growth regulators, 2,4-D and TDZ showed that the highest amount of callus in 5 mgl^-1 of TDZ growth regulator in the culture medium was observed in Batba, Fontane and&nbsp; Sante. In 12 treatment combinations, the combination of 10 mgl^-1 2,4-D and 10 mgl^-1 TDZ was performed in leaf explants after three weeks of callus.</span></span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Then, calluses were tested in a culture medium for embryogenic induction with four different treatments in suspension and solid culture. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Results:</span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">In the experiment of embryogenesis study of leaf explants of different cultivars, results showed that explants was placed in a suspension culture of 0.1 mgl^-1 Zeatin and 0.1 mgl^-1 GA3 and 2.5 mgl^-1 BAP and 5 mg/L GA3, and a solid culture medium containing 5 mgl^-1 Zeatin and 2.5 mgl^-1 BAP and 0.1 mgl^-1 Zeatin and 0.1 mgl^-1 GA3 had a much better embryogenesis.</span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Among the 12 ‌ treatments applied, the highest callus formation rate was observed in ‌treatment ‌containing 10 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">2,4-D and 10 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> tidiazurone. ‌Results showed in suspension culture medium, 0.1 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> zeatin and 0.1 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> gibberellic acid treatment and 2.5 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> 6-benzylaminopurine and 5 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> gibberellic acid had the highest embryogenesis, but in solid medium, treatment was 5 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> zeatin and 2.5 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> 6- benzylaminopurine and treatment 0.1 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> zeatin and 0.1 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">mgl^-1</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"> gibberellic acid have better embryogenesis. Embryos produced in suspension culture medium were coated with calcium alginate and some of them were transferred to solid culture medium for regeneration.</span></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="color:#202124">The obtained results showed that it is possible to produce somatic embryos in large quantities in potatoes and these embryos can be used in the production of artificial potato seeds.</span></span></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:90%"><span style="color:#202124"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> بذر مصنوعی, تنظیم کننده های رشد, سیب زمینی, کالوس, کشت سوسپانسیون Callus, Growth regulators, Potato, Suspension culture, Synthetic seed 42 48 http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-938-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Behnaz Neysi بهناز نیسی beh.neysi@yahoo.com 100319475328460019395 100319475328460019395 No Plant Production and Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, Iran دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان Payam Pour Mohammadi پیام پورمحمدی Mohamadi.p@gmail.com 100319475328460019396 100319475328460019396 Yes Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان Mohammad Reza Salehi Salmi محمدرضا صالحی سلمی mrsalehisalmi@gmail.com 100319475328460019397 100319475328460019397 No Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان