دوره 9، شماره 24 - ( زمستان 1396 )                   جلد 9 شماره 24 صفحات 68-61 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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گروه اصلاح نباتات ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده:   (4834 مشاهده)
     نخود به­عنوان سومین حبوبات مهم جهان نه تنها منبع مهمی برای تغذیه محسوب می­گردد بلکه با افزودن نیتروژن باعث افزایش حاصل­خیزی خاک می­شود. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تنوع از طریق تخمین ضریب تغییرات فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی، وراثت­پذیری و پیشرفت ژنتیکی مورد انتظار صفات کمی در نخود انجام شد. ژنوتیپ­ها در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار کاشته شدند. نتایج تجزیه به مولفه­های اصلی نشان داد که 4 مولفه اول تقریباً 80% تنوع ژنوتیپ­ها را برای صفات بررسی شده توجیه کردند. در تجزیه کلاستر با روش ward، ژنوتیپ­ها در 3 گروه قرار گرفتند و بالاترین فاصله ژنتیکی بین کلاستر 2 و 3 مشاهده شد. مشخص شد که صفت تعداد بذر در غلاف بالاترین ضریب تغییرات ژنوتیپی و فنوتیپی دارد. بالاترین وراثت­پذیری برای تعداد غلاف بارور (86/0)، عملکرد بذر (84/0) و وزن صد­دانه (84/0) مشاهده شد در­حالی­که بالاترین مقدار وراثت­پذیری به همراه بیشترین مقدار پیشرفت ژنتیکی برای صفت عملکرد بیولوژیکی مشاهده شد لذا عملکرد بیولوژیکی می­تواند مهم­ترین معیار برای انتخاب لاین­های والدینی در برنامه­های اصلاحی محسوب گردد. همچنین با توجه به بالاترین فاصله ژنتیکی بین کلاستر 2 و 3 می­توان از ژنوتیپ­های این دو کلاستر برای دورگ­گیری در جهت تولید واریته­های اصلاح شده استفاده کرد. 
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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: اصلاح نباتات، بیومتری
دریافت: 1396/12/19 | ویرایش نهایی: 1398/1/25 | پذیرش: 1396/12/19 | انتشار: 1396/12/19

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