دوره 8، شماره 18 - ( تابستان 1395 )                   جلد 8 شماره 18 صفحات 77-64 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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به­منظور بررسی واکنش 20 رقم گندم بهاره در شرایط آبیاری کامل (شاهد) و تنش خشکی اعمال شده قبل از مرحله آبستنی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‏های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در دو سال زراعی 90-1389 و 91-1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس صفات نشان داد که بین سطوح تنش و همچنین بین ارقام از نظر تمام صفات مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی‏داری وجود دارد. تنش باعث کاهش معنی­دار عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد، ارتفاع و سایر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک گردید. هم­چنین ارزش خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک در طی تنش کاهش یافت و این کاهش در بین ارقام یکسان نبود. علاوه بر این تحت تنش خشکی مقدار کمّی صفات ریشه­ای گیاه در جهت مقابله با شرایط کم آبی افزایش یافت و این افزایش در ارقام متحمل‏تر بیشتر بود. از طرف دیگر، بررسی ضرایب هم­بستگی صفات در شرایط تنش و فاقد تنش نشان داد عملکرد دانه بیشترین هم­بستگی مثبت و معنی‏دار را در بین اجزای عملکرد با تعداد سنبله در بوته دارد. همچنین دندروگرام حاصل از تجزیه خوشه‏ای، ارقام مورد مطالعه را در هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش در چهار گروه قرار داد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از مقایسات میانگین و تجزیه خوشه­ای ارقام کویر، نیک‏نژاد، دریا، مغان3 و مرودشت متحمل‏ترین و بهار حساس­ترین رقم در نظر گرفته شدند. بنابراین، به نظر می‏رسد ارقام اخیر برای کاشت در اراضی که در معرض کمبود آب در انتهای دوره رشدی قرار دارند مناسب باشند.

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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: اصلاح نباتات
دریافت: 1395/8/18 | پذیرش: 1395/8/18 | انتشار: 1395/8/18

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