Journal of Crop Breeding

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Alizadeh Aliabadi A, ghasemi A, razavi M. (2021). Screening of Wheat Cultivars and Promising Lines for Response to Bacterial Leaf Streak of Cereal Agent, Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa. jcb. 13(40), 40-49. doi:10.52547/jcb.13.40.40
URL: http://jcb.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1230-en.html

Introduction and Objective: bacterial leaf streak of cereals, which is one of the most important diseases of wheat, was reported in 1987 from Kerman province and then from other parts of Iran. In order to prevent significant damage to this important and strategic crop, it is necessary to select or produce a resistant or tolerant cultivar to this disease, from the available wheat cultivars and lines. For this purpose, a number of promising wheat cultivars and lines have been selected and their response to this disease has been evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In order to screen 37 cultivars and seven promising lines of spring and autumn wheat, for their tolerance to Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak of cereal, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse. Initially, wheat seedlings with two fully expanded leaves were sprayed with a suspension of nine bacterial isolates from three provinces of Zanjan, Hamadan and Lorestan fields, with a concentration of 10⁸ bacteria per ml. Then, their tolerance was evaluated based on the average percentage of leaf contamination. Comparison of means, grouping and ranking of cultivars from the sensitive to the tolerant cultivars were done by Student–Newman–Keuls method.
Results: Based on the results, the response of cultivars and promising lines to this disease was different. Mihan and Pishgam cultivars and promising line S-92-19 were placed in group five (with infection of 50.1 to 75% of leaf area), and were evaluated as "susceptible"; Chamran, Saison, Narin, Bam, Khalil, Parsi, Vee-vak, Shabrang, Chamran 2, Zaree, Morvarid, Aflak, Roshan (winter and spring back-crosses), Arak, Cascogen, Orum, Behrang, Pishtaz, Karkheh cultivars and promising lines N-91-17, S-91-13 and S-92-21 were placed in group four (with infection of 25.1 to 50% of leaf area), and were evaluated as "semi-susceptible"; Neishabour, Ofogh, Mehregan, Gaspard, Bahar, Rakhshan, Sirvan, Sivand, Shush, Sistan, Barat, Gonbad and promising lines S-91-15, N-91-8 and S-92-17 were grouped in group three (with infection of 10.1 to 25% of leaf area), and were evaluated as "semi-tolerant"; and Baharan, Heydari and Dena cultivars were placed in group two (with infection of 5.1 to 10% of leaf surface), and were evaluated as "tolerant".
Conclusion: Although most of the wheat cultivars are susceptible to this disease, but cultivars and lines with good relative resistance are also found among them and can be used for planting and/or in wheat breeding programs.